Ruth 1

1 In the days when the judges judged, there was a famine in the land. A certain man of Bethlehem Judah went to live in the country of Moab with his wife and his two sons.

2 The name of the man was Elimelech, and the name of his wife Naomi. The names of his two sons were Mahlon and Chilion, Ephrathites of Bethlehem Judah. They came into the country of Moab and lived there.

3 Elimelech, Naomi’s husband, died; and she was left with her two sons.

4 They took for themselves wives of the women of Moab. The name of the one was Orpah, and the name of the other was Ruth. They lived there about ten years.

5 Mahlon and Chilion both died, and the woman was bereaved of her two children and of her husband.

6 Then she arose with her daughters-in-law, that she might return from the country of Moab; for she had heard in the country of Moab how the LORD had visited his people in giving them bread.

7 She went out of the place where she was, and her two daughters-in-law with her. They went on the way to return to the land of Judah.

8 Naomi said to her two daughters-in-law, “Go, return each of you to her mother’s house. May the LORD deal kindly with you, as you have dealt with the dead and with me.

9 May the LORD grant you that you may find rest, each of you in the house of her husband.” Then she kissed them, and they lifted up their voices, and wept.

10 They said to her, “No, but we will return with you to your people.”

11 Naomi said, “Go back, my daughters. Why do you want to go with me? Do I still have sons in my womb, that they may be your husbands?

12 Go back, my daughters, go your way; for I am too old to have a husband. If I should say, ‘I have hope,’ if I should even have a husband tonight, and should also bear sons,

13 would you then wait until they were grown? Would you then refrain from having husbands? No, my daughters, for it grieves me seriously for your sakes, for the LORD’s hand has gone out against me.”

14 They lifted up their voices and wept again; then Orpah kissed her mother-in-law, but Ruth stayed with her.

15 She said, “Behold, your sister-in-law has gone back to her people and to her god. Follow your sister-in-law.”

16 Ruth said, “Don’t urge me to leave you, and to return from following you, for where you go, I will go; and where you stay, I will stay. Your people will be my people, and your God my God.

17 Where you die, I will die, and there I will be buried. May the LORD do so to me, and more also, if anything but death parts you and me.”

18 When Naomi saw that she was determined to go with her, she stopped urging her.

19 So they both went until they came to Bethlehem. When they had come to Bethlehem, all the city was excited about them, and they asked, “Is this Naomi?”

20 She said to them, “Don’t call me Naomi. Call me Mara, for the Almighty has dealt very bitterly with me.

21 I went out full, and the LORD has brought me home again empty. Why do you call me Naomi, since the LORD has testified against me, and the Almighty has afflicted me?”

22 So Naomi returned, and Ruth the Moabitess, her daughter-in-law, with her, who returned out of the country of Moab. They came to Bethlehem in the beginning of barley harvest.

Around Ruth 1

Context

Context for this book is being written. A note appears here only once it names its sources.

AI explanation

Ruth 1 · Written by an AI model · Not reviewed by a theological reader

This explanation was written by an AI model to help you get started. It names no sources and can contain mistakes. Scripture comes first, and context with sources is shown separately on this page.

What this chapter says

In the days when the judges ruled, there is a famine in Bethlehem. A man named Elimelech takes his wife Naomi and their two sons to Moab to live. There Elimelech dies. The sons marry Moabite women, Orpah and Ruth. After about ten years, both sons die as well. Naomi is left with no husband and no sons.

She hears that the LORD has given his people bread in Judah and sets out for home. On the road she tells her daughters-in-law to go back to their mothers’ houses. They weep and refuse. Orpah kisses her and goes. Ruth stays. Naomi tells her to follow her sister-in-law, and Ruth answers, “Your people will be my people, and your God my God.”

The two reach Bethlehem at the start of the barley harvest, and the whole town stirs. Naomi asks to be called Mara, and says she went out full and came back empty.

Background

The book of Ruth is set in the time of the judges, but it reads as a quiet story about one family after the hard stories at the end of Judges. Ruth is a woman from Moab, outside Israel, who chooses to join her mother-in-law's people and God. The name Naomi means pleasant, and Mara means bitter, as the text itself implies. The story moves toward the barley fields of Bethlehem (see Ruth 2) and toward a line that leads to David (Ruth 4).

About this explanation

Written by Claude Sonnet 5.5, an AI model, on 28 October 2026. It draws on the WEB text and general knowledge and was not checked against sources by a person. Every quotation from Scripture is checked automatically against the WEB text.

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World English Bible. Public-domain source and edition notes