Deuteronomy 21

1 If someone is found slain in the land which the LORD your God gives you to possess, lying in the field, and it isn’t known who has struck him,

2 then your elders and your judges shall come out, and they shall measure to the cities which are around him who is slain.

3 It shall be that the elders of the city which is nearest to the slain man shall take a heifer of the herd, which hasn’t been worked with and which has not drawn in the yoke.

4 The elders of that city shall bring the heifer down to a valley with running water, which is neither plowed nor sown, and shall break the heifer’s neck there in the valley.

5 The priests the sons of Levi shall come near, for them the LORD your God has chosen to minister to him, and to bless in the LORD’s name; and according to their word shall every controversy and every assault be decided.

6 All the elders of that city which is nearest to the slain man shall wash their hands over the heifer whose neck was broken in the valley.

7 They shall answer and say, “Our hands have not shed this blood, neither have our eyes seen it.

8 Forgive, LORD, your people Israel, whom you have redeemed, and don’t allow innocent blood among your people Israel.” The blood shall be forgiven them.

9 So you shall put away the innocent blood from among you, when you shall do that which is right in the LORD’s eyes.

10 When you go out to battle against your enemies, and the LORD your God delivers them into your hands and you carry them away captive,

11 and see among the captives a beautiful woman, and you are attracted to her, and desire to take her as your wife,

12 then you shall bring her home to your house. She shall shave her head and trim her nails.

13 She shall take off the clothing of her captivity, and shall remain in your house, and bewail her father and her mother a full month. After that you shall go in to her and be her husband, and she shall be your wife.

14 It shall be, if you have no delight in her, then you shall let her go where she desires; but you shall not sell her at all for money. You shall not deal with her as a slave, because you have humbled her.

15 If a man has two wives, the one beloved and the other hated, and they have borne him children, both the beloved and the hated, and if the firstborn son is hers who was hated,

16 then it shall be, in the day that he causes his sons to inherit that which he has, that he may not give the son of the beloved the rights of the firstborn before the son of the hated, who is the firstborn;

17 but he shall acknowledge the firstborn, the son of the hated, by giving him a double portion of all that he has; for he is the beginning of his strength. The right of the firstborn is his.

18 If a man has a stubborn and rebellious son who will not obey the voice of his father or the voice of his mother, and though they chasten him, will not listen to them,

19 then his father and his mother shall take hold of him and bring him out to the elders of his city and to the gate of his place.

20 They shall tell the elders of his city, “This our son is stubborn and rebellious. He will not obey our voice. He is a glutton and a drunkard.”

21 All the men of his city shall stone him to death with stones. So you shall remove the evil from among you. All Israel shall hear, and fear.

22 If a man has committed a sin worthy of death, and he is put to death, and you hang him on a tree,

23 his body shall not remain all night on the tree, but you shall surely bury him the same day; for he who is hanged is accursed of God. Don’t defile your land which the LORD your God gives you for an inheritance.

Around Deuteronomy 21

Context

Context for this book is being written. A note appears here only once it names its sources.

AI explanation

Deuteronomy 21 · Written by an AI model · Not reviewed by a theological reader

This explanation was written by an AI model to help you get started. It names no sources and can contain mistakes. Scripture comes first, and context with sources is shown separately on this page.

What this chapter says

A man is found dead in a field, and no one knows who struck him. Moses gives the nearest city a ceremony. The elders take a heifer that has never worked, break its neck in an unplowed valley with running water, wash their hands over it and say, Our hands have not shed this blood. They ask the LORD to forgive his people and not leave innocent blood among them.

Then come several family cases, each hard to read. A soldier who desires a captive woman must give her a month to mourn her parents before marriage, and may not sell her if he later loses interest. A man with two wives must give the firstborn his double portion even if the mother is the one he does not love. A son who is stubborn and rebellious, a glutton and a drunkard, is brought by his parents to the elders, and the city is to stone him.

The chapter ends with a body hanging on a tree, which must be buried the same day, for the land is not to be defiled.

Background

The chapter shows how Israel handled guilt for unsolved crimes, and why. It also includes laws that are hard to read now, on captive women and on a rebellious son. Many scholars think the rebellious son law was meant to set a high bar, since both parents had to bring the charge. Paul quotes verse 23 in Galatians 3 when he speaks of Christ bearing a curse, and John 19 notes that Jesus was taken down before night.

About this explanation

Written by Claude Sonnet 5.5, an AI model, on 26 October 2026. It draws on the WEB text and general knowledge and was not checked against sources by a person. Every quotation from Scripture is checked automatically against the WEB text.

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World English Bible. Public-domain source and edition notes