1 Samuel 12

1 Samuel said to all Israel, “Behold, I have listened to your voice in all that you said to me, and have made a king over you.

2 Now, behold, the king walks before you. I am old and gray-headed. Behold, my sons are with you. I have walked before you from my youth to this day.

3 Here I am. Witness against me before the LORD and before his anointed. Whose ox have I taken? Whose donkey have I taken? Whom have I defrauded? Whom have I oppressed? Of whose hand have I taken a bribe to make me blind my eyes? I will restore it to you.”

4 They said, “You have not defrauded us, nor oppressed us, neither have you taken anything from anyone’s hand.”

5 He said to them, “The LORD is witness against you, and his anointed is witness today, that you have not found anything in my hand.” They said, “He is witness.”

6 Samuel said to the people, “It is the LORD who appointed Moses and Aaron, and that brought your fathers up out of the land of Egypt.

7 Now therefore stand still, that I may plead with you before the LORD concerning all the righteous acts of the LORD, which he did to you and to your fathers.

8 “When Jacob had come into Egypt, and your fathers cried to the LORD, then the LORD sent Moses and Aaron, who brought your fathers out of Egypt, and made them to dwell in this place.

9 But they forgot the LORD their God; and he sold them into the hand of Sisera, captain of the army of Hazor, and into the hand of the Philistines, and into the hand of the king of Moab; and they fought against them.

10 They cried to the LORD, and said, ‘We have sinned, because we have forsaken the LORD and have served the Baals and the Ashtaroth; but now deliver us out of the hand of our enemies, and we will serve you.’

11 The LORD sent Jerubbaal, Bedan, Jephthah, and Samuel, and delivered you out of the hand of your enemies on every side; and you lived in safety.

12 “When you saw that Nahash the king of the children of Ammon came against you, you said to me, ‘No, but a king shall reign over us,’ when the LORD your God was your king.

13 Now therefore see the king whom you have chosen and whom you have asked for. Behold, the LORD has set a king over you.

14 If you will fear the LORD, and serve him, and listen to his voice, and not rebel against the commandment of the LORD, then both you and also the king who reigns over you are followers of the LORD your God.

15 But if you will not listen to the LORD’s voice, but rebel against the commandment of the LORD, then the LORD’s hand will be against you, as it was against your fathers.

16 “Now therefore stand still and see this great thing, which the LORD will do before your eyes.

17 Isn’t it wheat harvest today? I will call to the LORD, that he may send thunder and rain; and you will know and see that your wickedness is great, which you have done in the LORD’s sight, in asking for a king.”

18 So Samuel called to the LORD, and the LORD sent thunder and rain that day. Then all the people greatly feared the LORD and Samuel.

19 All the people said to Samuel, “Pray for your servants to the LORD your God, that we not die; for we have added to all our sins this evil, to ask for a king.”

20 Samuel said to the people, “Don’t be afraid. You have indeed done all this evil; yet don’t turn away from following the LORD, but serve the LORD with all your heart.

21 Don’t turn away to go after vain things which can’t profit or deliver, for they are vain.

22 For the LORD will not forsake his people for his great name’s sake, because it has pleased the LORD to make you a people for himself.

23 Moreover, as for me, far be it from me that I should sin against the LORD in ceasing to pray for you; but I will instruct you in the good and the right way.

24 Only fear the LORD, and serve him in truth with all your heart; for consider what great things he has done for you.

25 But if you keep doing evil, you will be consumed, both you and your king.”

Around 1 Samuel 12

Context

Context for this book is being written. A note appears here only once it names its sources.

AI explanation

1 Samuel 12 · Written by an AI model · Not reviewed by a theological reader

This explanation was written by an AI model to help you get started. It names no sources and can contain mistakes. Scripture comes first, and context with sources is shown separately on this page.

What this chapter says

Samuel stands before all Israel, old and gray, and asks them to bear witness against him if they can. “Whose ox have I taken? Whose donkey have I taken?” he asks. They answer that he has not defrauded or oppressed them.

Then he reminds them of what the LORD has done: he brought their fathers out of Egypt, and, when they forgot him, sold them into enemy hands. When they cried out, he sent Jerubbaal, Bedan, Jephthah and Samuel. Yet when Nahash came against them, they said they wanted a king, when the LORD was their king.

Samuel says there is the king they asked for. If they and the king fear and serve the LORD, it will go well. If they rebel, the LORD’s hand will be against them. To show their wickedness he calls to the LORD, though it is wheat harvest, and the LORD sends thunder and rain. The people are afraid and ask Samuel to pray for them.

Samuel tells them not to be afraid and not to turn away. He will not cease to pray for them.

Background

This is Samuel's farewell speech, the last word of the judges' age as the kingdom begins. He puts his own record before the people and then recounts Israel's history as a cycle of forgetting and rescue, as in the book of Judges. Rain in the wheat harvest was unusual, which is why the sign was striking. The chapter ties the king to the covenant: the king is not above the LORD's command. In 1 Samuel 13 Saul faces his first test.

About this explanation

Written by Claude Sonnet 5.5, an AI model, on 28 October 2026. It draws on the WEB text and general knowledge and was not checked against sources by a person. Every quotation from Scripture is checked automatically against the WEB text.

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World English Bible. Public-domain source and edition notes