Numbers 19

1 The LORD spoke to Moses and to Aaron, saying,

2 “This is the statute of the law which the LORD has commanded. Tell the children of Israel to bring you a red heifer without spot, in which is no defect, and which was never yoked.

3 You shall give her to Eleazar the priest, and he shall bring her outside of the camp, and one shall kill her before his face.

4 Eleazar the priest shall take some of her blood with his finger, and sprinkle her blood toward the front of the Tent of Meeting seven times.

5 One shall burn the heifer in his sight; her skin, and her meat, and her blood, with her dung, shall he burn.

6 The priest shall take cedar wood, hyssop, and scarlet, and cast it into the middle of the burning of the heifer.

7 Then the priest shall wash his clothes, and he shall bathe his flesh in water, and afterward he shall come into the camp, and the priest shall be unclean until the evening.

8 He who burns her shall wash his clothes in water, and bathe his flesh in water, and shall be unclean until the evening.

9 “A man who is clean shall gather up the ashes of the heifer, and lay them up outside of the camp in a clean place; and it shall be kept for the congregation of the children of Israel for use in water for cleansing impurity. It is a sin offering.

10 He who gathers the ashes of the heifer shall wash his clothes, and be unclean until the evening. It shall be to the children of Israel, and to the stranger who lives as a foreigner among them, for a statute forever.

11 “He who touches the dead body of any man shall be unclean seven days.

12 He shall purify himself with water on the third day, and on the seventh day he shall be clean; but if he doesn’t purify himself the third day, then the seventh day he shall not be clean.

13 Whoever touches a dead person, the body of a man who has died, and doesn’t purify himself, defiles the LORD’s tabernacle; and that soul shall be cut off from Israel; because the water for impurity was not sprinkled on him, he shall be unclean. His uncleanness is yet on him.

14 “This is the law when a man dies in a tent: everyone who comes into the tent, and everyone who is in the tent, shall be unclean seven days.

15 Every open vessel, which has no covering bound on it, is unclean.

16 “Whoever in the open field touches one who is slain with a sword, or a dead body, or a bone of a man, or a grave, shall be unclean seven days.

17 “For the unclean, they shall take of the ashes of the burning of the sin offering; and running water shall be poured on them in a vessel.

18 A clean person shall take hyssop, dip it in the water, and sprinkle it on the tent, on all the vessels, on the persons who were there, and on him who touched the bone, or the slain, or the dead, or the grave.

19 The clean person shall sprinkle on the unclean on the third day, and on the seventh day. On the seventh day, he shall purify him. He shall wash his clothes and bathe himself in water, and shall be clean at evening.

20 But the man who shall be unclean, and shall not purify himself, that soul shall be cut off from among the assembly, because he has defiled the sanctuary of the LORD. The water for impurity has not been sprinkled on him. He is unclean.

21 It shall be a perpetual statute to them. He who sprinkles the water for impurity shall wash his clothes, and he who touches the water for impurity shall be unclean until evening.

22 “Whatever the unclean person touches shall be unclean; and the soul that touches it shall be unclean until evening.”

Around Numbers 19

Context

Context for this book is being written. A note appears here only once it names its sources.

AI explanation

Numbers 19 · Written by an AI model · Not reviewed by a theological reader

This explanation was written by an AI model to help you get started. It names no sources and can contain mistakes. Scripture comes first, and context with sources is shown separately on this page.

What this chapter says

Death is the great stain in this chapter, and God provides a way to be made clean from it. The people are to bring a red heifer without defect, one that has never worn a yoke. Eleazar the priest takes her outside the camp, where she is killed and burned. Cedar wood, hyssop and scarlet are thrown into the fire. Everyone who handles the sacrifice is unclean until evening, and they must wash.

A clean man gathers the ashes and stores them outside the camp. Mixed with running water, they become the water for impurity.

The rest of the chapter deals with touching a body, a bone or a grave. That person is unclean seven days, and is sprinkled on the third and seventh days. Anyone who refuses defiles the LORD's tabernacle and is cut off from Israel.

Background

The LORD speaks to Moses and Aaron in the wilderness, in a camp where thousands have recently died (see Numbers 16 and 17). Death is everywhere, and the Tent of Meeting stands at the center of the camp. The chapter shows how the community could live near a holy place and still bury its dead. Hebrews 9 refers back to this ritual, and Christians and Jews have read its meaning in different ways.

About this explanation

Written by Claude Sonnet 5.5, an AI model, on 25 October 2026. It draws on the WEB text and general knowledge and was not checked against sources by a person. Every quotation from Scripture is checked automatically against the WEB text.

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World English Bible. Public-domain source and edition notes