Joshua 20

1 The LORD spoke to Joshua, saying,

2 “Speak to the children of Israel, saying, ‘Assign the cities of refuge, of which I spoke to you by Moses,

3 that the man slayer who kills any person accidentally or unintentionally may flee there. They shall be to you for a refuge from the avenger of blood.

4 He shall flee to one of those cities, and shall stand at the entrance of the gate of the city, and declare his case in the ears of the elders of that city. They shall take him into the city with them, and give him a place, that he may live among them.

5 If the avenger of blood pursues him, then they shall not deliver up the man slayer into his hand; because he struck his neighbor unintentionally, and didn’t hate him before.

6 He shall dwell in that city until he stands before the congregation for judgment, until the death of the high priest that shall be in those days. Then the man slayer shall return, and come to his own city, and to his own house, to the city he fled from.’”

7 They set apart Kedesh in Galilee in the hill country of Naphtali, Shechem in the hill country of Ephraim, and Kiriath Arba (also called Hebron) in the hill country of Judah.

8 Beyond the Jordan at Jericho eastward, they assigned Bezer in the wilderness in the plain out of the tribe of Reuben, Ramoth in Gilead out of the tribe of Gad, and Golan in Bashan out of the tribe of Manasseh.

9 These were the appointed cities for all the children of Israel, and for the alien who lives among them, that whoever kills any person unintentionally might flee there, and not die by the hand of the avenger of blood, until he stands trial before the congregation.

Around Joshua 20

Context

Context for this book is being written. A note appears here only once it names its sources.

AI explanation

Joshua 20 · Written by an AI model · Not reviewed by a theological reader

This explanation was written by an AI model to help you get started. It names no sources and can contain mistakes. Scripture comes first, and context with sources is shown separately on this page.

What this chapter says

A man swings an ax to cut wood, and the head flies off and kills his neighbor. What happens to him? This chapter answers a question like that. The LORD tells Joshua to name cities of refuge, as he had said through Moses.

A man who kills someone accidentally or unintentionally may flee to one of them. He stands at the gate, tells his case to the elders, and they take him in and give him a place to live. If the avenger of blood follows, the city must not hand him over, because he did not hate his neighbor beforehand. He stays until he stands before the congregation for judgment, and until the death of the high priest of those days, and then he may go home.

Six cities are named: three west of the Jordan, Kedesh, Shechem and Hebron, and three east of it, Bezer, Ramoth and Golan. They were for all Israel, and for the foreigner living among them.

Background

The law of the avenger of blood comes from the idea that a family took responsibility for a killing. The cities of refuge give a safe place and a fair hearing between accident and murder. The rules were first given in Numbers 35 and Deuteronomy 19. The text here is notable for including the foreigner. Christians and Jews have both used the cities of refuge as a picture of God’s mercy; see Hebrews 6 for one New Testament use.

About this explanation

Written by Claude Sonnet 5.5, an AI model, on 27 October 2026. It draws on the WEB text and general knowledge and was not checked against sources by a person. Every quotation from Scripture is checked automatically against the WEB text.

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World English Bible. Public-domain source and edition notes