1 Samuel 16

1 The LORD said to Samuel, “How long will you mourn for Saul, since I have rejected him from being king over Israel? Fill your horn with oil, and go. I will send you to Jesse the Bethlehemite, for I have provided a king for myself among his sons.”

2 Samuel said, “How can I go? If Saul hears it, he will kill me.” The LORD said, “Take a heifer with you, and say, ‘I have come to sacrifice to the LORD.’

3 Call Jesse to the sacrifice, and I will show you what you shall do. You shall anoint to me him whom I name to you.”

4 Samuel did that which the LORD spoke, and came to Bethlehem. The elders of the city came to meet him trembling, and said, “Do you come peaceably?”

5 He said, “Peaceably; I have come to sacrifice to the LORD. Sanctify yourselves, and come with me to the sacrifice.” He sanctified Jesse and his sons, and called them to the sacrifice.

6 When they had come, he looked at Eliab, and said, “Surely the LORD’s anointed is before him.”

7 But the LORD said to Samuel, “Don’t look on his face, or on the height of his stature, because I have rejected him; for I don’t see as man sees. For man looks at the outward appearance, but the LORD looks at the heart.”

8 Then Jesse called Abinadab, and made him pass before Samuel. He said, “The LORD has not chosen this one, either.”

9 Then Jesse made Shammah to pass by. He said, “The LORD has not chosen this one, either.”

10 Jesse made seven of his sons to pass before Samuel. Samuel said to Jesse, “The LORD has not chosen these.”

11 Samuel said to Jesse, “Are all your children here?” He said, “There remains yet the youngest. Behold, he is keeping the sheep.” Samuel said to Jesse, “Send and get him, for we will not sit down until he comes here.”

12 He sent, and brought him in. Now he was ruddy, with a handsome face and good appearance. The LORD said, “Arise! Anoint him, for this is he.”

13 Then Samuel took the horn of oil and anointed him in the middle of his brothers. Then the LORD’s Spirit came mightily on David from that day forward. So Samuel rose up and went to Ramah.

14 Now the LORD’s Spirit departed from Saul, and an evil spirit from the LORD troubled him.

15 Saul’s servants said to him, “See now, an evil spirit from God troubles you.

16 Let our lord now command your servants who are in front of you to seek out a man who is a skillful player on the harp. Then when the evil spirit from God is on you, he will play with his hand, and you will be well.”

17 Saul said to his servants, “Provide me now a man who can play well, and bring him to me.”

18 Then one of the young men answered and said, “Behold, I have seen a son of Jesse the Bethlehemite who is skillful in playing, a mighty man of valor, a man of war, prudent in speech, and a handsome person; and the LORD is with him.”

19 Therefore Saul sent messengers to Jesse, and said, “Send me David your son, who is with the sheep.”

20 Jesse took a donkey loaded with bread, a container of wine, and a young goat, and sent them by David his son to Saul.

21 David came to Saul and stood before him. He loved him greatly; and he became his armor bearer.

22 Saul sent to Jesse, saying, “Please let David stand before me, for he has found favor in my sight.”

23 When the spirit from God was on Saul, David took the harp and played with his hand; so Saul was refreshed and was well, and the evil spirit departed from him.

Around 1 Samuel 16

Context

Context for this book is being written. A note appears here only once it names its sources.

AI explanation

1 Samuel 16 · Written by an AI model · Not reviewed by a theological reader

This explanation was written by an AI model to help you get started. It names no sources and can contain mistakes. Scripture comes first, and context with sources is shown separately on this page.

What this chapter says

The LORD asks Samuel how long he will mourn for Saul. He tells him to fill his horn with oil and go to Jesse of Bethlehem, for he has provided a king among his sons.

At Jesse’s house Samuel sees the eldest, Eliab, and thinks surely this is the one. But the LORD says not to look at his face or the height of his stature. “For man looks at the outward appearance, but the LORD looks at the heart.” Seven sons pass before Samuel, and none is chosen. Samuel asks whether all his children are here. There remains the youngest, who is keeping the sheep.

He is brought in, ruddy with a handsome face. The LORD says to anoint him. Samuel does, in the middle of his brothers, and the LORD’s Spirit comes mightily on David from that day.

The Spirit leaves Saul, and an evil spirit from the LORD troubles him. His servants suggest a harp player, and one names a son of Jesse. David comes to Saul, becomes his armor bearer, and when he plays, Saul is refreshed.

Background

The chapter sets two kings side by side: Saul, whom the LORD has rejected, and David, who is chosen in secret. The phrase an evil spirit from the LORD is hard, and readers differ on how to understand it; the text says only what it says. Samuel's mistake with Eliab shows that even the prophet misjudges by looks. The chapter introduces David as both a shepherd and a musician. Next comes his fight with Goliath in 1 Samuel 17.

About this explanation

Written by Claude Sonnet 5.5, an AI model, on 28 October 2026. It draws on the WEB text and general knowledge and was not checked against sources by a person. Every quotation from Scripture is checked automatically against the WEB text.

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World English Bible. Public-domain source and edition notes